Heart Statistics - Research

Question: Describe about the Heart Statistics for Research? Answer: This brochure is designed for teaching the older adult about a new statin drug. Statins are considered as a class of drugs that is used to reduce the level of cholesterol inside human system by inhibiting an enzyme named HMG-CoA reductase. This enzyme plays a vital role in cholesterol production within the liver that makes almost 70% of total cholesterol inside the human system. What BASIC Should YOU Know? Cholesterol is a lipid or fat substance which is produced inside the cell. Liver cells produce almost quarter of the total cholesterol inside the body. Cholesterol is poorly absorbed in the gut. Hence, consumed cholesterol via food has little effect on the system and the level of cholesterol within the blood stream. Mainly two types of cholesterol are good cholesterol or high-density lipoprotein that prevents the formation of atheroma and bad cholesterol or low-density lipoprotein that is involved in atheroma formation (Davidson, 2012). Atheroma Atheroma is the fundamental cause of different cardiovascular diseases. Cardio vascular diseases bring about by atheroma consist heart attack, angina, stroke and peripheral arterial disease (Shiomi, Yamada Ito, 2005). In the UK, heart diseases are considered as a main cause of meager health and an immense cause of fatality (Bhf.org.uk, 2015). Therefore designing this patient information brochure is of utmost importance. What is Cholestrol? Cholesterol blood tests are performed in order to check the probability of developing stroke or cardiac diseases. If an individual is at the higher risk of developing a heart disease because of increased cholesterol level, then he/she will be generally advised to take statin medicine to diminish the level of cholesterol. Lowering the cholesterol level reduces the chances of cardiovascular diseases. zocor As of 2010, many statin drugs are on the market. The chosen statin drug is Zocor (trade name) or Simvastatin (generic name) (Spacedoc.com, 2015). Indication Zocor can be used to treat hypercholesterolemia, reduce the risk of heart disease and can also be used for the treatment of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. PHARMACODYNAMICS It is an oral antilipemic substance and methylated form of lovastatin. It inhibits HMG-CoA reductase. It is effciicent in lessening total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol plus apolipoprotein B and plasma triglycerides (Drugbank.ca, 2015). Simvasatin can cross the blood-brain-barrier. It has a highly bound capacity (almost 95%) to human plasma proteins. Elimination route AND toxicity Almost 13% of the dose excretes in urine and 60% in feces. In case of discontinuation of the therapy can leads to arthralgia, myalgia and gastrointestinal disorders. Side Effects and Food Interactions Patient may suffer from unexplained muscle weakness, pain and tenderness, memory confusion, dark urination, burning sensation while urinating, swelling, increased thirst and drowsiness. It is not necessary that these side effects are must to occur but it is the patients responsibility to inform his/her doctor if he/she is allergic to it. The patient must also inform prior if he/she has a history of alcohol use, kidney and liver disease. Avoid consume grapefruit juice, drastic alterations in dietary habit and avoid alcohol. References: Bhf.org.uk,. (2015).Heart statistics - Research - British Heart Foundation. Retrieved 30 January 2015, from https://www.bhf.org.uk/research/heart-statistics Davidson, M. (2012). Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, NonHigh-Density Lipoprotein, Apolipoprotein, or Low-Density Lipoprotein Particle.Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology,60(25), 2616-2617. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2012.06.065 Drugbank.ca,. (2015).DrugBank: Simvastatin (DB00641). Retrieved 30 January 2015, from https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00641 Shiomi, M., Yamada, S., Ito, T. (2005). Atheroma stabilizing effects of simvastatin due to depression of macrophages or lipid accumulation in the atheromatous plaques of coronary plaque-prone WHHL rabbits.Atherosclerosis,178(2), 287-294. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2004.10.024